Wh Questions in Narration

What You Will Learn

In this lesson, you will learn:

In the previous lesson, you learned how to change yes or no questions.

Now we will learn the second type of question:

Wh questions


These questions begin with words like:

what

where

when

why

who

how


This lesson will show you how to change them correctly.


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What Is a Wh Question


A wh question is a question that begins with a question word.


Examples:

Where do you live

Why are you late

What do you want

When will he come

How can I help you


These questions do not take yes or no as the answer.


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Main Idea


To change a wh question, we follow these rules:


said to becomes asked

Keep the wh word

Change question order into statement order

Apply pronoun change

Apply tense backshift

Apply time/place change if needed


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Basic Structure


Reporting part + wh word + statement form


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Important Rule


In yes or no questions, we use if or whether.


But in wh questions, we do not use if or whether.


We keep the original wh word.


Example:

He said to me, “Where do you live?”

He asked me where I lived.


Here, where stays where.


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Example 1


Direct:

He said to me, “Where do you live?”


Step 1

Remove quotation marks


Step 2

said to → asked


Step 3

Keep the wh word:

where


Step 4

Change question form to statement form:

you live


Step 5

Change pronoun:

you → I


Step 6

Backshift tense:

live → lived


Final:

He asked me where I lived


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Example 2


Direct:

She said to him, “Why are you sad?”


Step 1

Remove quotes


Step 2

said to → asked


Step 3

Keep why


Step 4

Change structure:

you were sad


Step 5

you → he


Step 6

are → was


Final:

She asked him why he was sad


Example 3

Direct:

Father said to me, “When will you go?”


Step 1

said to → asked


Step 2

Keep when


Step 3

you → I


Step 4

will → would


Final:

Father asked me when I would go


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Example 4


Direct:

The teacher said to the boy, “What do you want?”


Step 1

said to → asked


Step 2

Keep what


Step 3

Change structure:

you wanted


Step 4

you → the boy or he


Step 5

do want → wanted


Final:

The teacher asked the boy what he wanted


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Wh Word Stays the Same


This is the most important point in this lesson.


In wh questions:

what stays what

where stays where

when stays when

why stays why

who stays who

how stays how


Only the rest of the sentence changes.


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Question Form Becomes Statement Form


This rule is very important.


Wrong:

He asked me where did I live.

He asked me why was I late.


Correct:

He asked me where I lived.

He asked me why I was late.


So always remember:

Indirect speech uses statement order, not question order.


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One Sentence Step by Step


Sentence:

Rina said to me, “How can you solve it?”


Step 1

said to → asked


Step 2

Keep the wh word:

how


Step 3

Change question form to statement form


Step 4

you → I


Step 5

can → could


Final:

Rina asked me how I could solve it


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Another Step by Step Example


Sentence:

The man said to me, “Who are you?”


Step 1

said to → asked


Step 2

Keep who


Step 3

Change question form to statement form


Step 4

you → I


Step 5

are → was


Final:

The man asked me who I was


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Common Mistakes


Mistake 1

Using if or whether in a wh question


Wrong:

He asked me if where I lived.


Correct:

He asked me where I lived.


Mistake 2

Changing the wh word


Wrong:

He asked me that where I lived.


Correct:

He asked me where I lived.


Mistake 3

Keeping question order


Wrong:

She asked him why was he sad.


Correct:

She asked him why he was sad.


Mistake 4

Forgetting pronoun change


Mistake 5

Forgetting tense backshift


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Quick Revision


Wh question begins with:

what

where

when

why

who

how


Steps:

said to → asked

Keep the wh word

Change to statement form

Change pronoun

Backshift tense

Change time/place if needed


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Practice


A. Change into indirect speech


1. He said to me, “Where do you live?”

2. She said to him, “Why are you sad?”

3. Father said to me, “When will you go?”

4. The teacher said to the boy, “What do you want?”

5. Rina said to me, “How can you do this?”

6. The man said to me, “Who are you?”

7. Mother said to me, “Where have you kept the book?”

8. The teacher said to us, “Why are you making noise?”


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B. Fill in the blanks


1. In wh questions, we keep the ______ word

2. said to usually becomes ______

3. Question form becomes ______ form

4. We do not use ______ or ______ in wh questions


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C. Choose the correct answer


1. In wh questions, we use

   if

   whether

   the wh word


2. Reporting verb usually becomes

   asked

   told

   said


3. Indirect speech takes

   question order

   statement order

   random order


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Answers


A.


1. He asked me where I lived.

2. She asked him why he was sad.

3. Father asked me when I would go.

4. The teacher asked the boy what he wanted.

5. Rina asked me how I could do that.

6. The man asked me who I was.

7. Mother asked me where I had kept the book.

8. The teacher asked us why we were making noise.


B.


1. wh

2. asked

3. statement

4. if, whether


C.


1. the wh word

2. asked

3. statement order


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Self Check


Can I identify a wh question

Can I keep the wh word correctly

Can I change question order to statement order

Can I apply pronoun change and tense backshift


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Homework


Write five wh questions in direct speech.

Use different wh words like where, why, when, what, and how.

Then change them into indirect speech.