Full Narration Revision

You have now learned all major types of narration:

Assertive sentences

Yes or No Questions

Wh Questions

Imperative Sentences

Negative Imperatives

Special Imperatives

Exclamatory Sentences

Optative Sentences

Now it is time to revise everything together.

This lesson will help you connect all the rules in one place.

Big Idea

Before changing any narration, first identify the sentence type.

Ask:

Is it a statement

Is it a question

Is it an order

Is it an emotion

Is it a wish or prayer

Once you identify the type, choose the correct rule.

This is the secret of narration.

Revision Rule 1

Common Rules That Often Apply

In many sentence types, you may need:

Pronoun change

Tense backshift

Time and place change

Examples:

I → he/she (depending on speaker)

today → that day

will → would

These are common support rules.

Revision Rule 2

Assertive Sentence

Structure:

Reporting part + that + statement

Example:

He said, “I am tired.”

He said that he was tired.

Remember:

Use that

Change pronoun

Backshift tense

Change time/place if needed

Revision Rule 3

Yes or No Question

Structure:

asked + if/whether + statement form

Example:

He said to me, “Are you ready?”

He asked me if I was ready.

Remember:

Use asked

Use if/whether

Question becomes statement order

Revision Rule 4

Wh Question

Structure:

asked + wh word + statement form

Example:

She said to me, “Where do you live?”

She asked me where I lived.

Remember:

Keep wh word

Do not use if

Use statement order

Revision Rule 5

Imperative Sentence

Structure:

told/requested/advised + object + to + verb

Example:

Father said to me, “Study hard.”

Father advised me to study hard.

Remember:

No that

Use to + verb

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Revision Rule 6

Negative Imperative

Structure:

told + object + not to + verb

or

forbade + object + to + verb

Example:

The teacher said, “Do not make noise.”

The teacher told us not to make noise.

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Revision Rule 7

Special Imperatives

Let us:

proposed/suggested that we should...

Example:

He said, “Let us play.”

He proposed that we should play.

Let me:

said that subject might...

Example:

He said, “Let me go.”

He said that he might go.

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Revision Rule 8

Exclamatory Sentence

Structure:

exclaimed with joy/sorrow/surprise that...

Example:

He said, “Hurrah! We won!”

He exclaimed with joy that they had won.

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Revision Rule 9

Optative Sentence

Structure:

wished/prayed/cursed that... might...

Example:

He said, “May you succeed.”

He wished that I might succeed.

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One Mixed Revision Set

Study these:

1. He said, “I am happy.”

   He said that he was happy.

2. He said to me, “Are you happy?”

   He asked me if I was happy.

3. He said to me, “Why are you happy?”

   He asked me why I was happy.

4. Father said to me, “Study hard.”

   Father advised me to study hard.

5. He said, “Hurrah! We won!”

   He exclaimed with joy that they had won.

6. He said, “May you succeed.”

   He wished that I might succeed.

See how each sentence needs a different rule.

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How to Solve Any Narration Question

Use this 5-step check:

Step 1

Identify sentence type

Step 2

Choose reporting verb

Step 3

Apply special structure

that

if

wh word

to + verb

not to

should

might

Step 4

Apply support rules

pronoun

tense

time/place

Step 5

Check the final sentence

This method works in exams.

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Common Mixed Mistakes

Mistake 1

Using if in wh questions

Mistake 2

Using that in imperatives

Mistake 3

Forgetting statement order in questions

Mistake 4

Forgetting not to in negative imperatives

Mistake 5

Using wrong reporting verb

Mistake 6

Forgetting may → might in optative

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Quick Revision Chart

Assertive

that

Yes/No Question

if/whether

Wh Question

keep wh word

Imperative

to + verb

Negative Imperative

not to

Let us

should

Let me

might

Exclamatory

exclaimed with...

Optative

wished/prayed/cursed

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Practice

A. Change into indirect speech

1. He said, “I am tired.”

2. She said to me, “Are you ready?”

3. Rina said to me, “Where do you live?”

4. Father said to me, “Study hard.”

5. The teacher said, “Do not make noise.”

6. He said, “Let us play.”

7. She said, “Hurrah! We won!”

8. He said, “May you succeed.”

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Answers

1. He said that he was tired.

2. She asked me if I was ready.

3. Rina asked me where I lived.

4. Father advised me to study hard.

5. The teacher told us not to make noise.

6. He proposed that we should play.

7. She exclaimed with joy that they had won.

8. He wished that I might succeed.

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Self Check

Can I identify all sentence types

Can I choose the correct structure

Can I apply support rules

Can I solve mixed narration questions

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Homework

Write one sentence from each narration type and change all of them into indirect speech.

That means write and solve:

1 assertive

1 yes/no question

1 wh question

1 imperative

1 negative imperative

1 special imperative

1 exclamatory

1 optative